Conflict of Interest

JURNAL WAWASAN PENDIDIKAN requires full transparency and objectivity across all stages of the publication process. A conflict of interest (also known as a competing interest) arises when financial, commercial, legal, professional, or personal relationships could inappropriately influence—or be perceived to influence—research conduct, manuscript preparation, peer review, or editorial decision-making.

1. Responsibilities of Authors All authors must disclose any actual or potential conflicts of interest that may be perceived as influencing the research results or their interpretation. This includes, but is not limited to, research grants, funding sources, employment, consultancies, honoraria, stock ownership, or personal relationships.

  • All sources of financial support for the research must be explicitly acknowledged, and a formal Conflict of Interest Statement must be included at the end of the manuscript (prior to the References section).

  • If no conflict of interest exists, authors must state: "The authors declare no conflict of interest regarding the publication of this article."

2. Responsibilities of Peer Reviewers Reviewers must disclose to the editors any potential conflicts of interest before agreeing to evaluate a manuscript. Reviewers must recuse themselves from reviewing a manuscript if they have a recent collaboration, institutional affiliation, personal relationship, or direct competition with any of the authors. Privileged information or ideas obtained through peer review must be kept confidential and not used for personal advantage.

3. Responsibilities of Editors Editors who have potential conflicts of interest with a submitted manuscript (whether financial, institutional, collaborative, or personal) must recuse themselves from handling the manuscript and making any editorial decisions regarding it. In such cases, the manuscript will be reassigned to another independent member of the Editorial Board. Submissions authored by members of the Editorial Board are handled independently by another editor to ensure an unbiased peer-review process.

4. Handling of Undeclared Conflicts Failure by authors to declare competing interests during submission may result in the immediate rejection of the manuscript. If an undeclared conflict of interest is discovered after publication, JURNAL WAWASAN PENDIDIKAN will take appropriate action in accordance with the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) guidelines, which may include publishing a corrigendum, an Expression of Concern, or retracting the article in severe cases.