Aktivitas larvasida fraksi metanol dan etil asetat buah lakum (Cayratia trifolia (L.) Domin.) terhadap larva nyamuk Aedes aegypti

Diah Wulandari Rousdy; Elvi Rusmiyanto Pancaning Wardoyo; Siti Ifadatin

doi:10.26877/bioma.v10i1.5595

Aktivitas larvasida fraksi metanol dan etil asetat buah lakum (Cayratia trifolia (L.) Domin.) terhadap larva nyamuk Aedes aegypti

Diah Wulandari Rousdy, Elvi Rusmiyanto Pancaning Wardoyo, Siti Ifadatin

Abstract

ABSTRAK

Aedes aegypti merupakan serangga vektor dari virus Dengue penyebab Demam Berdarah Dengue (DBD). Kandungan senyawa dalam tumbuhan lakum berpotensi sebagai larvasida. Buah lakum dimaserasi dengan pelarut methanol kemudian difraksinasi menggunakan etil asetat. Fraksi diteliti kandungan senyawanya menggunakan analisis fitokimia. Uji larvasida diamati selama 48 jam terdiri dari tujuh konsentrasi berseri yaitu kontrol; 0,04; 0,12; 0,2; 0,6; 1; 3% (b/v). Setiap konsentrasi diulang 3 kali dan setiap ulangan terdiri dari 10 ekor larva nyamuk Ae. aegypti. Data mortalitas dianalisis menggunakan analisis probit untuk menentukan nilai LC₅₀. Fraksi metanol buah lakum berpotensi sebagai larvasida dengan nilai LC₅₀ 6 jam sebesar 1,125%. Fraksi etil asetat buah lakum berpotensi sebagai larvasida dengan nilai LC₅₀ 6 jam sebesar 1,102%. Buah lakum mengandung senyawa: polifenol, kuinon, flavonoid, alkaloid dan terpenoid.

Kata kunci: Aedes aegypti; Cayratia trifolia (L.) Domin; larvasida; LC₅₀

ABSTRACT

Larvacidal activity of methanol and ethyl acetate fraction of lakum fruits (Cayratia trifolia (L.) Domin.) against Aedes aegypti larvae.

Aedes aegypti is a vector from the Dengue virus which causes Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF). The compounds of lakum plants has the potential larvicide. The fruit of C. trifolia was macerated with methanol then fractionated using ethyl acetate as a solvent. The fraction was examined for its compound using phytochemical analysis. Larvacide test was observed for 48 hours consisting of seven concentration of 0 (control); 0.04; 0.12; 0.2; 0.6; 1; 3% (w/v). Each concentration was repeated 3 times and each repetition consisted of 10 larvae of Ae. aegypti. Mortality data were analyzed using probit analysis to determine the LC₅₀ of the fraction of methanol and ethyl acetate from lakum fruit. The methanol fraction has the potential larvicide with a six hour LC₅₀value 1.125%. The ethyl acetate fraction has the potential larvicide with a six hour LC₅₀ value 1.102%. The C. trifolia fruits contains polyphenols, quinones, flavonoids, alkaloids and terpenoids.

Keywords: Aedes aegypti; Cayratia trifolia (L.) Domin.; larvacide, LC₅₀

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.26877/bioma.v10i1.5595