Siklus hidup Spodoptera frugiperda J.E. Smith dengan pakan daun bayam cabut hijau dan daun bayam duri hijau di laboratorium

Ichsan Luqmana Indra Putra; Aulia Wulanda

doi:10.26877/bioma.v10i2.7928

Siklus hidup Spodoptera frugiperda J.E. Smith dengan pakan daun bayam cabut hijau dan daun bayam duri hijau di laboratorium

Ichsan Luqmana Indra Putra, Aulia Wulanda

Abstract

Spodoptera frugiperda merupakan hama baru di Indonesia yang menyerang tanaman jagung dan memiliki berbagai macam tanaman inang lain. Salah satu tanaman yang dimungkinkan menjadi inang dari hama ini di Indonesia adalah bayam. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui lama siklus hidup S. frugiperda yang diberikan pakan daun bayam cabut hijau dan daun bayam duri hijau. Metode penelitian ini yaitu permeliharaan S. furgiperda dengan sumber pakan yang berbeda dan mengamati beberapa parameter. Analisis statistik berupa inferensial, data yang dilakukan dengan uji normalitas Shapiro-Wilk. Apabila data normal dilakukan uji homogenitas dengan dilanjutkan analisis ANNOVA. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa S. frugiperda pada pakan kontrol (daun jagung) memiliki lama siklus hidup 38 hari, daun bayam cabut hijau 40 hari, dan daun bayam duri hijau 42 hari. Panjang larva S. frugiperda paling panjang didapatan pada pakan daun bayam duri hijau, sedangkan diameter kepala tidak terdapat perbedaan antara ketiga pakan. Bobot larva paling berat didapatkan pada pakan daun bayam cabut hijau. Panjang dan berat pupa S. frugiperda paling tinggi didapatkan pada pakan daun bayam duri hijau. Jumlah jantan paling banyak dihasilkan pada pakan daun bayam cabut hijau dan daun bayam duri hijau, sedangkan jumlah betina paling banyak dihasilkan pakan kontrol. Jumlah telur paling banyak dihasilkan pada pakan kontrol dan paling sedikit pada bayam duri hijau. Pakan bayam cabut dan bayam duri daun bayam cabut hijau dan bayam duri hijau dapat digunakan sebagai pakan alternatif bagi S. frugiperda di laboratorium.

Kata kunci: pakan alternatif; perkembangan; pertumbuhan; Spodoptera frugiperda

ABSTRACT

Life cycle of Spodoptera frugiperda J.E. Smith with green spinach and green thorn spinach leaves in the laboratory. Spodoptera frugiperda is a new pest in Indonesia that attacks maize and has a wide variety of other host plants. One of the plants that is possible to host this pest in Indonesia is spinach. The purpose of this study was to determine the length of the life cycle of S. frugiperda which was fed with green spinach leaves and green thorn spinach leaves. This research method is the maintenance of S. furgiperda with different feed sources and observing several parameters. Statistical analysis in the form of inferential, the data was done by using the Shapiro-Wilk normality test. If the data is normal, the homogeneity test is carried out followed by ANNOVA analysis. The results showed that S. frugiperda in control diets (corn leaves) had a life cycle length of 38 days, green spinach leaves 40 days, and green thorn spinach leaves 42 days. Thelarvae of longestS. frugiperda were found in green thorn spinach leaf feed, while there was no difference in head diameter between the three diets. The heaviest larval weight was found in green pulled spinach feed. Thelength and weight ofpupa were S. frugiperda highestfound in green thorn spinach leaf feed. The highest number of males was produced in green spinach leaf and green spinach leaf feed, while the highest number of females was produced in control feed. The highest number of eggs was produced in the control feed and the least was the green thorn spinach. Spinach feed and spinach spines, green pulled spinach and green spiny spinach can be used as an alternative feed for S. frugiperda in the laboratory.

Keywords: alternative food; development; growth; Spodoptera frugiperda

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.26877/bioma.v10i2.7928