Studi etnobotani ritual adat pernikahan Suku Tamiang di Desa Menanggini Kabupaten Aceh Tamiang Provinsi Aceh

Laila Ramadhani, Tessa Oktavianti, Andriani Andriani, Nafsiah Nafsiah, Risauli Juliana Sihite, Adi Bejo Suwardi

Abstract


ABSTRAK

Suku Tamiang merupakan salah satu suku yang tinggal di Kabupaten Aceh Tamiang dan masih memanfaatkan berbagai spesies tumbuhan dalam tradisi ritual adat pernikahan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendokumentasikan jenis tumbuhan yang digunakan dalam upacara adat pernikahan oleh Suku Tamiang di Desa Menanggini Kabupaten Aceh Tamiang. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Januari sampai Maret 2020 di Desa Menanggini Kabupaten Aceh Tamiang. Metode penelitian bersifat kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Pengambilan data dilakukan melalui wawancara semi terstruktur menggunakan angket dengan melibatkan 30 orang responden. Telah ditemukan sebanyak 20 spesies tumbuhan yang terdiri dari 16 famili dan 18 genus yang digunakan dalam upacara ritual adat pernikahan suku Tamiang di Desa Menaggini Kabupaten Aceh Tamiang. Bagian tumbuhan yang paling banyak digunakan adalah daun (36%), diikuti dengan batang dan buah (masing-masing 18%), biji (14%), bunga (9%), dan getah (5%). Tumbuhan tersebut sebagai simbol untuk mendapatkan ketentraman, kedamaian, rezeki, kebersihan hati, keselamatan dan ketenangan serta kelanggengan.

 

Kata kunci: etnobotani; pernikahan; Suku Tamiang; upacara adat

 

 

ABSTRACT

Etnobotany study of Tamiang tribe wedding rituals in Menanggini Village Aceh Tamiang District Aceh Province

The Tamiang tribe is one of the tribes that live in the Aceh Tamiang District and have been using different plant species in wedding ceremonies. This study aims to document the plants species used in wedding ceremonies by the Tamiang tribe in Menanggini Village, Aceh Tamiang District. The study was conducted in Menanggini Village, Aceh Tamiang District, from January to March 2020. Qualitative and quantitative methods are used in this study. Data was collected through semi-structured interviews using a questionnaire involving 30 respondents. A total of 20 plant species consisting of 16 families and 18 genera used in the traditional wedding ceremonies by the Tamiang tribe in Menaggini Village, Aceh Tamiang District. The most widely used parts of the plant were leaves (36%), followed by stems and fruit (18% each), seeds (14%), flowers (9%), and sap (5%). This plant is a symbol of peace, happiness, sustenance, pleasantness of the heart, safety and serenity, and conformity.

 

Key words: ethnobotany; ritual ceremony; wedding; Tamiang Tribe


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DOI: https://doi.org/10.26877/bioma.v10i1.6090

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